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Hydric losses and prediction
of performance from VO2max during the semi-marathon of Dakar
Mandengue Samuel Honoré 1,2* , Faye Jean 1, Badji
Lansana1, Hounkpevi Carlos 1, Cissé Fallou 1.
1 Département de
Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal
2 Sports
and Exercise Physiology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala,, Cameroon.
* Corresponding and presenting author: shmandengue@yahoo.fr
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Introduction
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In 2000, the semi-marathon of
Dakar (SMD) became an international competition, and was approved by the
International Association of Athletics’ Federations (IAAF) in 2006. The aim of
the present investigation is to study anthropometric and physiological
parameters of athletes participating to this competition, since this has not
yet been done.
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Materials and Methods
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SMD is raced on a circuit of 21
km through Dakar,
the Capital of Senegal. Eighteen male candidates (age range, 23 to 48 years)
volunteered to participate to this study. They were two military and 16
civilians, with 15 being members of an organized team, training one hour/day,
five times/week. Their maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was determined
one week before using the 20 m shuttle test of LEGER. The weight of all
subjects was measured using a scale with impedance-meter, before the onset of
the trial and the end, to determine the hydric losses. The impedance-meter scale
measured the percentage of fatty mass. Body temperature was measured at the
armpit, at rest and at the end of the competition. The non parametric test of Wilcoxon was used after a one-way ANOVA with
repeated measures, to compare data, and the Spearman’s test was used to find
correlation between variables.
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Results
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Tableau 1: Anthropometric characteristics, physiological parameters and performance in mean ± SD (n = 18) | Height (m) | Body mass (Kg) | BMI (Kg/m2) | Fatty mass (%) | VO2max (mL/min/kg) | Hydric losses (kg) | Body T° Increase (°C) | Performance (s) | | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 69 ± 9 | 16.1± 5.7 | 20.5 ± 3.4 | 50.1 ± 5.0 | 1.9 ± 0.8 | 1.9 ± 0.5 | 5717 ± 915 | T° = Temperature; BMI = Body mass index Significant negative correlations were found between VO2max and the fatty mass (r = -0.50; p = 0.04); between VO2max and BMI (r = -0.49; p = 0.04). Significant positive correlations were found between VO2max and performance (rank) (r = 0.74; p = 0.002) (Fig. 1); between performance (duration) and body temperature increase (r = 0.91; p = 0.0002) 
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Discussion/Conclusion
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The results of this study and
the correlations found between some parameters show that:
- Athletes
have a fatty mass higher than normal range
- VO2max
is negatively influenced by the fatty mass
- The best
performing athletes had higher body temperature increase; which reveals a
more important heat production, resulting from a greater oxygen uptake for
the metabolic energy production. This is in agreement with the positive
and significant correlation found between VO2max and the
performance
- The performance of the athletes is predictable from their VO2max
in most cases
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